Improvement in pumps



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N -FETERS, PHOTO-LITHOGRAPHER, WASHINGTOIL D c UNITED STATES ATENT FFICE.

HENRY PEASE, OF BROCKPORT, NEXV YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN PUMPS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 2%),99, dated September 11, 1860.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY PEASE, of the village of Brockport, in the county of Monroe and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Rotary Pumps; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of the specification, in which- Figure l is a perspective view. Fig. 2 is a vertical section through the suction and discharge passages; Fig. 3, a detached View of two pistons and shaft with one stem cut away, so as to show the springs s s; Fig. 5, a detached view of the bridges; Fig. (3, a detached end view of two of the pistons; Fig. 7, a perspective view of cylinder and pistons, and shows the position of the stems by dotted lines.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe it.

A is the shell; B, the induction-passage; C, the discharge-passage.

D D are two caps or heads, one fast or cast with the shell and one made separate and provided with a screw-thread to match a proper thread 011 the shell, and when properly made the cap screwed firmly should make a water-tight joint. Each cap is provided with suitable stuffing-nuts a a for the purpose of making a water-tight joint where the cylinder-shaft passes through the caps D D.

E is the cylinder, which is provided with four pistons F F F F, which are fitted nicely to the front side of the driving-plates Z) Z) I) b.

d d d cl d cl (1 (Z are angle-pieces to support the pistons on the front side.

The pistonsF F F F are provided with stems g g g g, two hollow, as at Fig. 3, and two solid, but made just at the point small enough to fit the hollow just described. The object of these stems g g g g and springs s s is for the purpose of keeping and working the pistons (when in operation) always tight to the shell, bridges, and butment.

T is a governing-passage to regulate the quantity of water discharged by means of the cock V of any known form; U, stem to work the water-cock.

My invention consists in the improved mode of constructing the cylinder E, pistons F F F F, bridges R R, and governing-passage T.

The object of my cylinder E is to obviate friction, liability to clog in pumping distillers beer and similar fluids, and to facilitate the manufacture. The cylinder E (the diameter of which is equal to the inside diameter of the water-way y) is composed of a central hub 71, and four driving wings or plates 1) b b b of the same length of hub it. These drivingplates Z) Z) l) b are made or cast firm to the hub h and planed smooth on the front sides, as at 2 2 2 2, and worked or planed to the perpendicular lines 4 4 4 4, as shown at Fig. 2. The lines 4 4 4 4 are drawn so as just to give room between for the stems g g g g, which stems are in diameter twice the thickness of the pistons F F F F. The object in having the stems so large is to give strength and at the same time room for the coilsprings s s of proper size and strength to keep the pistons in proper place, thereby compensating for the wear of the pistons in those parts that come in contact or wear and slide next to the shell A. Now to get the exact position of the front side of the pistons I drop two other lines 5 5 between the lines 4 4 44 and in the center of the cylinder and to cross the cylinder at right angles at the center. These lines 5 5 give me the exact and proper line for the front side of the pistons F F F F and also the back or working side of the angle-pieces d d- (Z cl (1 d cl cl. These angle-pieces are made adj ustable, so as to be set up to the pistons so as to compensate for wear of piston, which can be accomplished in any known form-that is, if the cylinder and angle-pieces are all cast in one piece and of any kind of metal that will yield theythe pieces-can be set up to the piston by bending or pressing; but if made of unyielding metal the angle-pieces may be bolted to the wings and made adjustable. These angle-pieces occupy but a small portion of the pistons length, (one at each end of each piston,) so as to give all the room possible in the chambers for any thick'or hard substance that may be drawn into the pump, and should it not pass out at the discharge to be crowded down or forced in front of the pistons and into the chambers 7 7 7 7 in an easy manner, so as to give the least possible friction or liablility to clog, which is not the case with cylinders of rotary pumps that are made in the form of a drum and made to run against an abutment. These chambers also give more room for water than the ordinary cylinder, as it enters the pump at the induction-opening, and also at the discharge it gives the water a large chamber to discl'large from, thereby decreasing the friction of the water as it enters and leaves the pump, thereby taking less power to pass the water through the pump with the above improvement than is required when the common cylinder is used. These chambers 7 7 7' 7 also prevent the possibility of forming an air-cushion inside the cylinder, as the air is allowed to escape at the top at each revolution of the'chambers, thereby avoiding all such difficulty.

The pistons F F F F are rectangular pieces of stout metal and the same length as the cylinder E. That portions of the pistons which comes in contact with the hub h is cut away,

. so as to form an edge, as shown at m m m m,

for the purpose of preventing the liability of any substance hindering the pistons being worked down to their proper place. Each piston, as before mentioned, is providedwith a stem, which is cast with the piston-that is,

the stem and piston are cast in ouepiece. The stems are placed inside from the longitudinal center, as shown at section A, so as to allow two of the stems to work in one hole, as provided and shown at 40 40, Fig. 7, and so as not to come in contact with the other two stems, which also work in one hole, as provided and shown at 50 50, 7, and at right angles to the holeand stems just mentioned. Two of these stems are placed one side of the longitudinal center and the other two stems the other side of it.

The stems g g g g are made to be in line with the back side of the pistons F F F F,

as shown at the dotted line 8, Fig. 6, one object of which is to facilitate the manufacture, as describedthat is, the stems being attached to the pistons, as described, it allows the pistons to be planed smooth,so as to form a water-joint between it and the drivingplates 1) l) b b. It will be seen by the above improvements that the pistons do not require to be finished on the front side only sufficient to work against the angle-pieces d d d d d (Z (Z d. The stems and pistons are of such proper length as to reach from the shell at 12 to the abutment, as at 13, Fig. 2.

The bridges R R are two segments of a circle made of metal and slotted in the direction of their circumference, these slots running at an angle equal to the width of the slots, as shown at n n n n, Fig. 5. The slots are made in the bridges for the purpose of allowing the water to be admitted into the pump at the suction and to allow the water also to be discharged at the discharge, as indicated by the arrows, as at Fig. 2. The bridges R R are also provided with grooves o 0 0, which run from the slots to that end of the bridge which connects with the shell A, as at q q, Fig. 2. The bridges are in width a little shorter than the cylinder, so as to allow the packing-plate 10, section A C, to be set up by means of the set-screws t 1ft to the end of the cylinder and pistons, as occasion may require,'as the cylinderand pistons wear away by use. The grooves 0 0 o are made very small at q q and increase in size to the slots 12. n a '12 so as to give an easy steady motion to the current of water discharged by letting the pressure of the water (as the pistons pass the grooves 0 0 0 on the discharge side) from one piston to the piston following in a gradual manner, so as to prevent any sudden backlash of the pistons, thereby also preventing any injurious or disagreeable jarin the pump and discharge-pipes, and when used. as a fireengine does away with the necessity of an air-chamber. The bridges are fastened firm in place by fitting them nicely, one end to a shoulder in the shell A, as at q q, Fig. 2, and the other end to a shoulder in the abutment, as at 7t 7t, and when fitted in their proper places should be in such aposition as to drive the pistons (as they pass the discharge) one at a time down in a gradual manner to the abutment, and at the same time allow the piston opposite to be guided out to the shell A in a like gradual manner. The abutment H is made of metal and is in form one-fourth of a circle, (so as to keep the pistons out to the shell from g to q and that there may be always one piston in contact with the abutment, so as not to let the water pass the abutment) and occupies a space of about onefourth of the Water-way, and is firmly fastened to the shell. The abutment is also provided with an opening, as represented at T, and a water-cock of any known form.

Operation: Motion being given to the pumpcylinder in the direction of the arrows causes the pistons-to move in the same direction, and as they move around are caused to slide alternately from the shell to the abutment and from the abutment to the shell. Now as the stems g g g g and springs s s and abutment H keep the pistons as they revolve.

in contact with the shell from (Z to q it causes the water to be drawn in at the suction and forced around to and out at the discharge, as indicated by the arrows. Should it be re quired to discharge at any time less water without varying the speed of the pump, it may be done by turning the water-cock V sufficient to let all the water not required for use pass through the opening T back to the suction, as indicated by arrows at Fig. 2.

After having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

The combination of the cylinder E, Wings ,1) 1), supports (Z (l, beveled pistons F, graduated grooves n o, and governing-passage T. the whole being constructed, arranged, and operated in the manner and for the purpose set forth.

HENRY PEASE.

Witnesses:

JOSIAH HARRISON, R. J. FELLows. 

